信贷需求抑制视角下农户环境友好型农业技术采纳行为分析

通过构建一个两期动态投融资的理论框架,分析信贷需求抑制、非农收入对农户环境友好型农业技术采用的影响,进一步运用黑龙江、浙江、河南和四川4省957份农户数据采用IV-Heckit和cmp模型进行实证检验,并以家庭其他成员参与金融项目数作为工具变量解决内生性问题。结果表明:我国农村存在着严重的信贷需求抑制问题,信贷需求抑制显著负向影响农户环境友好型农业技术采用行为及强度,非农收入对此有明显的缓解作用;非农收入对于资金需求大、普及程度高的有机肥采用影响显著,对资金需求小的秸秆还田采用影响不显著。最后,针对研究结论提出了加强渠道建设、推动绿色金融、深化金融创新等政策建议。     

表面摩擦驱动收卷的玻纤布卷驱动力特征

与传统股权相比,扶贫股在出资、股权类型、权利内容、收益分配、退出机制、风险防范等方面形成了许多创新做法,但存在制度回应弱、效益吸引力不够、相关利益协调不足、长效的收益分享机制缺失、平台治理参与局限等深层次问题。据此,应立足中国实践,在集体股的框架内,明确扶贫股的法律属性,以集体股制度创新为路径,从制度层面规范扶贫股。     

农村人力资本、空间效应与城乡收入差距

基于2000—2017年的省级面板数据,采用SDM模型来研究异质性农村人力资本对城乡收入差距的空间效应,并进一步分解为直接效应和空间溢出效应进行比较分析。结果表明：（1）我国城乡收入差距存在显著正向空间集聚效应,并且这种空间集聚效应与区域经济发展水平紧密相关;（2）初级、中级、高级农村人力资本的空间集聚效应特征呈现明显空间差异：初级农村人力资本大多数集聚于西部省份,中级农村人力资本大多数集聚于现代农业相对发达的省份,而高级农村人力资本的高集聚区经历了从东北地区向长三角地区的动态转移;（3）中级、高级农村人力资本显著缩小了本地区及邻近地区的城乡收入差距,但中级农村人力资本的作用更大,而初级农村人力资本对城乡收入差距的影响不显著。     

人口流动与迁移对城市收入分配的影响

随着我国城市化的快速发展,人口流动与迁移在城市社会生活中的影响日益突出,尽管从长期看,人口流动与迁移有利于优化资源配置和城市化发展,但从短期看则加剧了城市收入分配的分化,甚至使城市贫困问题更加严重.为此,应建立以公平为价值取向的城市综合公共政策体系,将流动人口问题纳入政策关注范畴,将城市公共福利水平作为考量政府执政能力的依据.     

我国中期财政问题浅析

本文对我国的中期财政问题进行了简要分析。     

A Social Network Comparison of Low‐Income Black and White Newlywed Couples

Relative to White families, Black families have been described as relying on extended social networks to compensate for other social and economic disadvantages. The presence or absence of supportive social networks should be especially relevant to young couples entering marriage, but to date there has been little effort to describe the social networks of comparable Black and White newlyweds. The current study addressed this gap by drawing on interviews with 57 first‐married newlyweds from low‐income communities to compare the composition and structure of Black and White couples' duocentric social networks. The results indicated that low‐income Black couples entered marriage at a social disadvantage relative to White couples, with more family relationships but fewer positive relationships and fewer sources of emotional support (for wives), fewer connections to married individuals, and fewer shared relationships between spouses. Black couples' relative social disadvantages persisted even when various economic and demographic variables were controlled.     

A semi-parametric method for estimating the beta coefficients of the hidden two-sided asset return jumps

ABSTRACT

We introduce a new methodology for estimating the parameters of a two-sided jump model, which aims at decomposing the daily stock return evolution into (unobservable) positive and negative jumps as well as Brownian noise. The parameters of interest are the jump beta coefficients which measure the influence of the market jumps on the stock returns, and are latent components. For this purpose, at first we use the Variance Gamma (VG) distribution which is frequently used in modeling financial time series and leads to the revelation of the hidden market jumps' distributions. Then, our method is based on the central moments of the stock returns for estimating the parameters of the model. It is proved that the proposed method provides always a solution in terms of the jump beta coefficients. We thus achieve a semi-parametric fit to the empirical data. The methodology itself serves as a criterion to test the fit of any sets of parameters to the empirical returns. The analysis is applied to NASDAQ and Google returns during the 2006–2008 period.     

R2的复活——股价同步性研究评述与展望

R2是最近十几年迅速发展的一个研究课题,其研究取向从纯粹的计量经济学符号演变为股价同步性特征变量,并与公司特质信息含量联系起来,赋予了全新的内涵.学者们通过跨学科的交叉与融合,从法与金融理论、委托代理理论、信息不对称理论、公司治理理论等视角对R2背后的生成机制、作用渠道和影响后果展开富有成效的研究.本文首先梳理从资产定价模型到R2,再从R2到股价同步性中间的学理关系和因果顺承,接着回顾了关于R2形成机理与经济后果的相关讨论,然后对R2的学术争论进行总结和评述,最后就R2的溯源问题、以及文化与政治潜在影响对未来R2研究提出展望.     

Resilience in low-income African American women living and aging with HIV

Women are living with HIV into middle and older age and are likely to face multiple comorbidities and stressors as they age. This study focused on understanding how women who experience multiple forms of oppression and ongoing adversity are still able to adapt and stand strong. Using a theoretical framework of resilience and a feminist research ideology, interviews of eight middle-aged and older African American women living with HIV were analyzed. Despite experiences of HIV-related discrimination, trauma, and violence, these women demonstrated a remarkable ability to adapt and maintain support. Implications for research and practice are discussed.     

Characteristics of Couples Who Attend Family Services Counselor Visits in Relationship Education

Case management services for low-income couples receiving relationship education have been required by federal funding agencies. Studies examining relationship education outcomes for low-income couples have yet to address participant characteristics of those who attend case management services (e.g., distressed vs. nondistressed). Thus, this study examined the influence of baseline relationship satisfaction and demographics on attendance at case management visits for 2,628 low-income, partnered participants who attended relationship education. Findings indicated that participants who reported higher baseline relationship distress attended more family services counselor (FSC) visits. However, when we added demographics to the model, relationship distress no longer predicted FSC visits, whereas income served as a predictor for men and women, with those reporting greater monthly income attending more FSC visits.